A modern, accurate HTML parser and serializer for PHP
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<?php
/** @license MIT
* Copyright 2017 , Dustin Wilson, J. King et al.
* See LICENSE and AUTHORS files for details */
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace MensBeam\HTML\Parser;
use MensBeam\HTML\Parser;
abstract class Serializer {
use NameCoercion;
protected const VOID_ELEMENTS = ["basefont", "bgsound", "frame", "keygen", "area", "base", "br", "col", "embed", "hr", "img", "input", "link", "meta", "param", "source", "track", "wbr"];
protected const RAWTEXT_ELEMENTS = ["style", "script", "xmp", "iframe", "noembed", "noframes", "plaintext"];
/** Serializes an HTML DOM node to a string. This is equivalent to the outerHTML getter
*
* @param \DOMDocument|\DOMElement|\DOMText|\DOMComment|\DOMProcessingInstruction|\DOMDocumentFragment|\DOMDocumentType $node The node to serialize
*/
public static function serialize(\DOMNode $node): string {
$s = "";
$stack = [];
$n = $node;
do {
# If current node is an Element
if ($n instanceof \DOMElement) {
# If current node is an element in the HTML namespace,
# the MathML namespace, or the SVG namespace, then let
# tagname be current node's local name. Otherwise, let
# tagname be current node's qualified name.
if (in_array($n->namespaceURI ?? Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE, [Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE, Parser::SVG_NAMESPACE, Parser::MATHML_NAMESPACE])) {
$tagName = self::uncoerceName($n->localName);
} else {
$tagName = self::uncoerceName($n->tagName);
}
# Append a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character (<), followed by tagname.
$s .= "<$tagName";
# If current node's is value is not null, and the element does
# not have an is attribute in its attribute list, then
# append the string " is="", followed by current node's is
# value escaped as described below in attribute mode,
# followed by a U+0022 QUOTATION MARK character (").
// DEVIATION: We don't support custom elements
# For each attribute that the element has, append a
# U+0020 SPACE character, the attribute's serialized name as
# described below, a U+003D EQUALS SIGN character (=), a
# U+0022 QUOTATION MARK character ("), the attribute's
# value, escaped as described below in attribute mode, and
# a second U+0022 QUOTATION MARK character (").
foreach ($n->attributes as $a) {
# An attribute's serialized name for the purposes of the previous
# paragraph must be determined as follows:
# If the attribute has no namespace
if ($a->namespaceURI === null) {
# The attribute's serialized name is the attribute's local name.
$name = self::uncoerceName($a->localName);
}
# If the attribute is in the XML namespace
elseif ($a->namespaceURI === Parser::XML_NAMESPACE) {
# The attribute's serialized name is the string "xml:" followed
# by the attribute's local name.
$name = "xml:".self::uncoerceName($a->localName);
}
# If the attribute is in the XMLNS namespace...
elseif ($a->namespaceURI === Parser::XMLNS_NAMESPACE) {
# ... and the attribute's local name is xmlns
if ($a->localName === "xmlns") {
# The attribute's serialized name is the string "xmlns".
$name = "xmlns";
}
# ... and the attribute's local name is not xmlns
else {
# The attribute's serialized name is the string "xmlns:"
# followed by the attribute's local name.
$name = "xmlns:".self::uncoerceName($a->localName);
}
}
# If the attribute is in the XLink namespace
elseif ($a->namespaceURI === Parser::XLINK_NAMESPACE) {
# The attribute's serialized name is the string "xlink:"
# followed by the attribute's local name.
$name = "xlink:".self::uncoerceName($a->localName);
}
# If the attribute is in some other namespace
else {
# The attribute's serialized name is the attribute's qualified name.
$name = ($a->prefix !== "") ? $a->prefix.":".$a->name : $a->name;
}
$value = self::escapeString((string) $a->value, true);
$s .= " $name=\"$value\"";
}
# Append a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>).
$s .= ">";
# If current node serializes as void, then continue on to the
# next child node at this point.
# Append the value of running the HTML fragment serialization
# algorithm on the current node element (thus recursing into
# this algorithm for that element), followed by a
# U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character (<), a U+002F SOLIDUS
# character (/), tagname again, and finally a
# U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>).
if (($n->namespaceURI ?? Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE) !== Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE || !in_array($tagName, self::VOID_ELEMENTS)) {
# If the node is a template element, then let the node instead
# be the template element's template contents
# (a DocumentFragment node).
if (
($n->namespaceURI ?? Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE) === Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE
&& $n->tagName === "template"
&& property_exists($n, "content")
&& $n->content instanceof \DOMDocumentFragment
) {
// NOTE: Treat template content as any other document
// fragment and just invoke the inner serializer
$s .= self::serializeInner($n->content)."</$tagName>";
} elseif ($n->hasChildNodes()) {
// If the element has children, store its tag name and
// continue the loop with its first child; its end
// tag will be written out further down
$stack[] = $tagName;
$n = $n->firstChild;
continue;
} else {
// Otherwise just append the end tag now
$s .= "</$tagName>";
}
}
}
# If current node is a Text node
elseif ($n instanceof \DOMText) {
# If the parent of current node is a style, script, xmp,
# iframe, noembed, noframes, or plaintext element, or
# if the parent of current node is a noscript element
# and scripting is enabled for the node, then append
# the value of current node's data IDL attribute literally.
$p = $n->parentNode;
if ($p instanceof \DOMElement && ($p->namespaceURI ?? Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE) === Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE && in_array($p->tagName, self::RAWTEXT_ELEMENTS)) {
// NOTE: scripting is assumed not to be enabled
$s .= $n->data;
}
# Otherwise, append the value of current node's data IDL attribute, escaped as described below.
else {
$s .= self::escapeString($n->data);
}
}
# If current node is a Comment
elseif ($n instanceof \DOMComment) {
# Append the literal string "<!--" (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN,
# U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS,
# U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS), followed by the value of current
# node's data IDL attribute, followed by the literal
# string "-->" (U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS,
# U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN).
$s .= "<!--".$n->data."-->";
}
# If current node is a ProcessingInstruction
elseif ($n instanceof \DOMProcessingInstruction) {
# Append the literal string "<?" (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN,
# U+003F QUESTION MARK), followed by the value of
# current node's target IDL attribute, followed by a
# single U+0020 SPACE character, followed by the value
# of current node's data IDL attribute, followed by a
# single U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>).
$s .= "<?".self::uncoerceName($n->target)." ".$n->data.">";
}
# If current node is a DocumentType
elseif ($n instanceof \DOMDocumentType) {
# Append the literal string "<!DOCTYPE" (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN,
# U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D,
# U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C,
# U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y,
# U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P, U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E),
# followed by a space (U+0020 SPACE), followed by the value
# of current node's name IDL attribute, followed by the
# literal string ">" (U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN).
$s .= "<!DOCTYPE ".trim($n->name).">";
}
// NOTE: Documents and document fragments have no outer content,
// so we can just serialize the inner content
elseif ($n instanceof \DOMDocument || $n instanceof \DOMDocumentFragment) {
return self::serializeInner($n);
} else {
throw new Exception(Exception::UNSUPPORTED_NODE_TYPE, [get_class($n)]);
}
// If the current node has no more siblings, go up the tree till a
// sibling is found or we've reached the original node
while (!$n->nextSibling && $stack) {
// Write out the stored end tag each time we go up the tree
$tagName = array_pop($stack);
$s .= "</$tagName>";
$n = $n->parentNode;
}
$n = $n->nextSibling;
} while ($stack); // Loop until we have traversed the subtree of the target node in full
return $s;
}
/** Serializes the children of an HTML DOM node to a string. This is equivalent to the innerHTML getter
*
* @param \DOMDocument|\DOMElement|\DOMDocumentFragment $node The node to serialize
*/
public static function serializeInner(\DOMNode $node): string {
# Let s be a string, and initialize it to the empty string.
$s = "";
if ($node instanceof \DOMElement && ($node->namespaceURI ?? Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE) === Parser::HTML_NAMESPACE) {
# If the node serializes as void, then return the empty string.
if (in_array($node->tagName, self::VOID_ELEMENTS)) {
return "";
}
# If the node is a template element, then let the node instead
# be the template element's template contents
# (a DocumentFragment node).
elseif ($node->tagName === "template" && property_exists($node, "content") && $node->content instanceof \DOMDocumentFragment) {
// NOTE: template elements won't necessarily have a content
// property because PHP's DOM does not support this natively
$node = $node->content;
}
}
if ($node instanceof \DOMElement || $node instanceof \DOMDocument || $node instanceof \DOMDocumentFragment) {
# For each child node of the node, in tree order, run the following steps:
// NOTE: the steps in question are implemented in the "serialize" routine
foreach ($node->childNodes as $n) {
$s .= self::serialize($n);
}
} else {
throw new Exception(Exception::UNSUPPORTED_NODE_TYPE, [get_class($node)]);
}
return $s;
}
}